替诺福韦富马酸二吡呋酯:一种用于治疗HIV感染的核苷酸逆转录酶抑制剂。

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引用

冯HB, Stone EA, Piacenti FJ

替诺福韦富马酸二吡呋酯:一种用于治疗HIV感染的核苷酸逆转录酶抑制剂。

中华临床杂志2002年10月;24(10):1515-48。

PubMed ID
12462284 (PubMed视图
摘要

背景:福马酸替诺福韦二吡proxil fumarate (DF)是美国批准与其他抗逆转录病毒药物联合使用治疗HIV-1感染的首个核苷酸逆转录酶抑制剂。不像核苷逆转录酶抑制剂,它必须经过3个细胞内磷酸化步骤才能激活。核苷酸类似物如替诺福韦只需要2个这样的步骤。这种磷酸化需求的减少有可能产生更快速和完全的药物转化为其药理活性代谢物。目的:本文介绍替诺福韦DF的药理特性和潜在临床应用价值。方法:通过检索MEDLINE(1996-2002年4月)、Iowa药物信息服务(1996-2002年4月)必威国际app、International Pharmaceutical Abstracts(1970- 2002年4月),以及主要HIV/AIDS会议的摘要(1996-2002年),使用搜索词替诺福韦替诺福韦二吡酯富马酸、PMPA、双(POC)PMPA、GS-4331-05、无环核苷膦酸盐和核苷酸逆转录酶抑制剂来确定相关信息。tenofovir DF制造商为支持其新药申请而提交给美国食品和药物管理局的材料中获得了其他信息。结果:在体外实验中,替诺福韦DF在多种HIV感染细胞系中表现出抗HIV活性,并与其他抗逆转录病毒药物联合使用时对HIV产生协同或加性作用。替诺福韦在成人体内的体积分布为0.813 L/kg,与血浆蛋白结合最少(7.2%),血浆消除半衰期为12.0 - 14.4小时,主要以不变的形式随尿液排出(70%-80%)。根据性别或体重调整剂量似乎没有必要,但老年人可能有必要减少剂量; there are currently no data on tenofovir DF in renal or hepatic insufficiency. The results of clinical trials suggest the efficacy of tenofovir DF in reducing plasma levels of HIV-1 RNA when used as an add-on to a stable antiretroviral regimen. The most commonly (>3%) reported adverse events in clinical trials have included nausea, diarrhea, asthenia, headache, vomiting, flatulence, abdominal pain, and anorexia. The most commonly (>2%) reported laboratory abnormalities (grade III or IV) included increases in creatine kinase, triglycerides, amylase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase, as well as hyperglycemia and glucosuria. Serious adverse events leading to discontinuation of tenofovir DF were infrequent (5%), occurring with an incidence similar to that with placebo (8%). The recommended dosage of tenofovir DF in adults is 300 mg/d PO; pharmacokinetic and efficacy studies in children are ongoing. CONCLUSION: Although additional studies are needed, tenofovir DF appears to be a promising agent for the treatment of HIV infection.

引用本文的药物库数据

药物
药物靶点
药物 目标 种类 生物 药理作用 行动
替诺福韦disoproxil 逆转录酶/ RNaseH 蛋白质 人类免疫缺陷病毒1型
是的
抑制剂
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