抗her2单克隆抗体的作用机制:曲妥珠单抗和2C4的科学进展。

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引用

艾贝尔,柯东尼,罗薇拉,梅拉多B,加斯康P

抗her2单克隆抗体的作用机制:曲妥珠单抗和2C4的科学进展。

中国生物医学杂志,2003;532:253-68。

PubMed ID
12908564 (PubMed视图
摘要

跨膜酪氨酸激酶受体HER家族由4个成员组成,BER1到HER4。HER2是一种配体孤儿受体,在许多人类肿瘤中表达,在25-30%的乳腺癌中过表达。HER2通过形成异二聚体放大HER家族中其他受体提供的信号。HER2在HER信号网络中的重要作用导致了用于癌症治疗的抗HER2单克隆抗体(MAbs)的发展。特别是人源化单抗曲妥珠单抗(赫赛汀)对HER2过表达的人乳腺肿瘤细胞具有抗肿瘤活性,被广泛用于治疗HER2过表达的女性乳腺癌。曲妥珠单抗诱导HER2受体下调,从而抑制关键信号通路(即ras-Raf-MAPK和PI3K/Akt),并通过诱导p27/Cdk2复合物的形成来阻断细胞周期进程。曲妥珠单抗还抑制HER2切割,在抗体诱导的受体下调之前,这种作用可能有助于其在某些癌症中的抗肿瘤活性。在体内,曲妥珠单抗抑制血管生成并诱导抗体依赖的细胞细胞毒性。曲妥珠单抗的一个局限性是其活性主要局限于HER2过表达或HER2基因扩增水平最高的乳腺癌。然而,有大量乳腺癌和许多其他肿瘤具有低或中度HER2表达。 In such tumors, HER2 functions as a preferred coreceptor to form heterodimers with HER1 (EGFR), HER3 or HER4. For this reason, a humanized monoclonal antibody, called 2C4, that targets the role of HER2 as a coreceptor is under active development. 2C4 binds to a different epitope of HER2 ectodomain than trastuzumab and sterically hinders HER2 recruitment in heterodimers with other HER receptors. This results in the inhibition of signalling by HER2-based heterodimers both in cells with low and high HER2 expression. In vitro and in vivo antitumor activity has been reported in a range of breast and prostate tumor models. Therefore, 2C4 may have potential against a wide variety of solid tumors. Phase I trials are underway.

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